Marble is a metamorphic rock formed from limestone that has undergone intense heat and pressure deep within the earth. This transformation creates the characteristic crystalline structure and beautiful veining that makes each piece unique. The veins are formed by mineral impurities such as clay, silt, sand, iron oxides, or chert that were present in the original limestone.

Variations in colour and pattern are inherent in marble and should be celebrated rather than viewed as flaws. White marbles like Carrara contain minimal impurities, while coloured marbles derive their hues from various minerals—green from serpentine, pink or red from iron oxide, and black from organic materials.

Marble is naturally porous, which makes it susceptible to staining and etching. Etching occurs when acidic substances react with the calcium carbonate in marble, leaving dull spots on polished surfaces. This is not damage to the stone itself but rather a change in the surface finish. Minor etching can often be buffed out with a marble polishing powder or paste.

Understanding these natural characteristics helps you appreciate marble's unique beauty while taking appropriate precautions to maintain it. With proper care, your marble will develop a warm patina over time, adding character and depth to its appearance.